TY  - BOOK
AU  - Fink,Carsten
AU  - Fink,Carsten
AU  - Nikomborirak,Deunden
TI  - Rules of Origin in Services: A Case Study of Five ASEAN Countries 
PY  - 2007///
CY  - Washington, D.C.
PB  - The World Bank
KW  - Agreement On Trade
KW  - Banks and Banking Reform
KW  - Bilateral Trade
KW  - Border Trade
KW  - Corporate Law
KW  - Debt Markets
KW  - Economic Theory and Research
KW  - Emerging Markets
KW  - Exporters
KW  - Exports
KW  - External Tariffs
KW  - Finance and Financial Sector Development
KW  - Free Trade
KW  - Free Trade Agreements
KW  - International Economics & Trade
KW  - Law and Development
KW  - Liberalization of Trade
KW  - Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
KW  - Market Access
KW  - Preferential Tariff
KW  - Preferential Tariff Treatment
KW  - Private Sector Development
KW  - Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures
KW  - Public Sector Development
KW  - Rules of Origin
KW  - Tariff Rates
KW  - Tariffs
KW  - Trade Agreement
KW  - Trade and Services
KW  - Trade Barriers
KW  - Trade Law
KW  - Trade Policy
KW  - Trade Preferences
KW  - Transport Costs
KW  - World Trade
N2  - An important question in the design of bilateral and regional free trade agreements (FTAs) covering services is to what extent nonmembers benefit from the trade preferences that are negotiated among members. This question is resolved through services rules of origin. The restrictiveness of rules of origin determines the degree of preferences entailed in market opening commitments, shaping the bargaining incentives of FTAs and their eventual economic effects. Even though the number of FTAs in services has increased rapidly in recent years, hardly any research is available that can guide policymakers on the economic implications of different rules of origin. After outlining the key economic tradeoffs and options for rules of origin in services, the paper summarizes the main findings of a research project that has assessed the rules of origin question for five countries in the ASEAN region. For selected service subsectors and a number of criteria for rules or origin, simulation exercises evaluated which service providers would or would not be eligible for preferences negotiated under a FTA. Among other findings, the simulation results point to the binding nature of a domestic ownership or control requirement and, for the specific case of financial services, a requirement of incorporation
UR  - http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/1813-9450-4130
ER  -