TY  - BOOK
AU  - Wang,Hua
AU  - Wang,Hua
AU  - Wheeler,David
TI  - Endogenous Enforcement and Effectiveness of China's Pollution Levy System
PY  - 1999///
CY  - Washington, D.C.
PB  - The World Bank
KW  - Abatement
KW  - Air Pollution
KW  - Economic Development
KW  - Economists
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Environment
KW  - Environmental
KW  - Environmental Economics and Policies
KW  - Environmental Performance
KW  - Environmental Protection
KW  - Environmental Quality
KW  - Green Issues
KW  - Income
KW  - Industry
KW  - Labor
KW  - Labor Force
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Pollution Charges
KW  - Poverty
KW  - Production
KW  - Public Sector Development
KW  - Standards
KW  - Sulfur Dioxide
KW  - Water
KW  - Water and Industry
KW  - Water Pollution
KW  - Water Resources
N2  - May 2000 - How well air and water pollution regulation is implemented depends very much on both the level of economic development and actual environmental quality. Pollution pricing is closer to the dictates of environmental economics than China's formal regulatory statutes would suggest - and there is considerable scope for using economic instruments to reduce China's industrial pollution problems. Wang and Wheeler investigate two aspects of China's pollution levy system, which was first implemented about 20 years ago. First, they analyze what determines differences in enforcement of the pollution levy in various urban areas. They find that collection of the otherwise uniform pollution levy is sensitive to differences in economic development and environmental quality. Air and water pollution levies are higher in areas that are heavily polluted. Second, they analyze the impact of pollution charges on industry's environmental performance, in terms of the pollution intensity of process production and the degree of end-of-pipe abatement for both water pollution and air pollution. Econometric analysis shows that plants respond strongly to the levy by either abating air pollution in the production process or providing end-of-pipe treatment for water pollution. This paper - a product of Infrastructure and Environment, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study environmental regulation in developing countries. The authors may be contacted at hwang1@worldbank.org or dwheeler1@worldbank.org
UR  - http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/1813-9450-2336
ER  -