Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- Agricultural Protection -- Perspectives on Trade Negotiations -- Methodology and Organization -- I Negotiation Structure and Trade Liberalization -- 2 Framework for Analysis of Negotiations -- Issue Linkage -- Legal Framing -- Expectations for Liberalization -- Choice of Negotiation Structure -- Conclusion -- 3 Patterns of Agricultural Liberalization -- Negotiation Structure Hypotheses -- Alternative Hypotheses -- Agricultural Trade Negotiation Data -- Statistical Analysis of Policy Liberalization -- Conclusion -- II U.S.-Japan Trade Negotiations -- 4 Farm Politics in Japan -- Agricultural Protection -- Actors and Interests -- Drawing Implications -- 5 Legal Framing and Quota Policies -- Quotas for Beef, Oranges, Peanuts, etc. -- Phase 1: Bilateral and Multilateral Talks -- Phase 2: Bilateral Talks -- Phase 3: GATT Mediation -- Conclusions from Three Phases of Negotiations -- 6 Linkages in Comprehensive Negotiations -- The Uruguay Round: Ending the Rice Import Ban -- APEC: Victory for Fishers and Foresters -- Conclusion -- III U.S.-EU Trade Negotiations -- 7 Farm Politics in the European Union -- Agricultural Protection -- Actors and Interests -- Drawing Implications -- 8 Two Rounds of Negotiating CAP -- The Tokyo Round -- The Uruguay Round -- Conclusion -- 9 Battles over Beef -- Integration versus Free Trade -- The Beef Hormone Dispute -- Conclusion -- IV Conclusion -- 10 Comparative Perspectives -- Findings -- Multistage Negotiation Analysis -- Implications -- Appendix: Descriptive Statistics -- Bibliography -- Index.

This detailed account of the politics of opening agricultural markets explains how the institutional context of international negotiations alters the balance of interests at the domestic level to favor trade liberalization despite opposition from powerful farm groups. Historically, agriculture stands out as a sector in which countries stubbornly defend domestic programs, and agricultural issues have been the most frequent source of trade disputes in the postwar trading system. While much protection remains, agricultural trade negotiations have resulted in substantial concessions as well as negotiation collapses. Food Fights over Free Trade shows that the liberalization that has occurred has been due to the role of international institutions. Christina Davis examines the past thirty years of U.S. agricultural trade negotiations with Japan and Europe based on statistical analysis of an original dataset, case studies, and in-depth interviews with over one hundred negotiators and politicians. She shows how the use of issue linkage and international law in the negotiation structure transforms narrow interest group politics into a more broad-based decision process that considers the larger stakes of the negotiation. Even when U.S. threats and the spiraling budget costs of agricultural protection have failed to bring policy change, the agenda, rules, and procedures of trade negotiations have often provided the necessary leverage to open Japanese and European markets. This book represents a major contribution to understanding the negotiation process, agricultural politics, and the impact of international institutions on domestic politics.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2018. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.