Intro -- Cover -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 1: Cognitive Development among Young Children in Low-Income Countries -- A Review of the Literature -- New Evidence from Cambodia and Mozambique -- Conclusion and Policy Implications -- Annex -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2: The Influence of Economic Crisis on Early Childhood Development: A Review of Pathways and Measured Impact -- Early Childhood Development Pathways -- Aggregate Shocks and Infant Mortality -- Aggregate Shocks and Nutritional Pathways -- Aggregate Shocks and Environmental Pathways -- Long-Term Consequences of Economic Crisis -- Discussion and Policy Responses -- References -- Chapter 3: Conflicts, Epidemics, and Orphanhood: The Impact of Extreme Events on the Health and Educational Achievements of Children -- Violence and Early Childhood Development -- Violence and Nutrition -- Violence and Educational Outcomes -- HIV/AIDS and Early Childhood Development -- Orphanhood -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Promoting Equity through Early Child Development Interventions for Children from Birth through Three Years of Age -- Concurrent Benefits of ECD Interventions for Child Development -- Impact of Parental Enrichment on Parenting Knowledge and Behavior -- Evidence for Long-Term Benefits for Child Cognition and Behavior -- Linking Early Intervention with Health and Nutrition Programs -- Comparing Strategies and Investments for the Birth to Age Three Group -- Research Needs for Program Expansion -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: The Convergence of Equity and Efficiency in ECD Programs -- How Might Early Childhood Development Influence the Demand for Education and Student Quality?.

How Do Initial Household Resources Influence the Benefits of Subsequent Schooling? The Role of Income -- How Do Initial Household Resources Influence the Benefits of Subsequent Schooling? The Role of Nutrition -- How Do Initial Household Investments Condition the Benefits of Subsequent Schooling? The Role of Early Childhood Education Programs -- Equity in Access to Early Childhood Education -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Back Cover.

Education is often seen as a fundamental means to improve economic prospects for individuals from low income settings. However, even with increased emphasis on basic education for all, many individuals fail to achieve basic skills to succeed in life. The book presents evidence that one core reason is that by the time a child is old enough to attend school, there is already a wide disparity in cognitive skills and in emotional and behavioral development among children from households of different socioeconomic backgrounds. Low levels of cognitive development in early childhood strongly correlate with low socio-economic status (as measured by wealth and parental education) as well as malnutrition. These disadvantages are often exacerbated by economic crises. Fortunately, however, as documented in this volume, there are programs that have proven effective in promoting a child's development through caregiver-child interaction and stimulation, and with well designed preschool programs. While preschool programs currently cover a modest share of low income children, expansion of such services to at risk populations is a cost-effective means of improving overall educational achievement. Thus, focused preschool programs can serve as a key investment in a strategy to reduce the transmission of poverty from poor parents to their children.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2018. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.