Intro -- About the editors -- Tables, figures and maps -- Tables -- 5.1 INC engagement approaches and demands -- 9.1 Kidnapping/hostage-taking in Bayelsa state, 2004-07 -- 12.1 Educational distribution of respondents by village -- 12.2 Respondents' employment in oil MNCs by village -- 12.3 Nature of respondents' employment by village -- 12.4 Public sector roles -- 12.5 CSR roles and government agencies -- 13.1 State and clan affiliation of 'hosts' to the Soku gas plant -- Figures -- 5.1 Projects of the presidential committee on the disbursement of the1.5 per cent oil-producing areas development fund -- 5.2 Comparison of revenue allocation to six geopolitical zones of Nigeria -- 12.1 Conceptual linkage of CSR and conflict in the Niger Delta -- 12.2 Corporate-community relations practices -- 12.3 Comparison of monthly allocations to Rivers state and other Nigerian states -- Maps -- 1 The Niger Delta states -- 13.1 The region around the Soku gas plant -- Acronyms -- Map 1: The Niger Delta states -- Introduction: Petro-violence in the Niger Delta - the complex politics of an insurgency -- The Niger Delta and oil -- Background to the conflict in the Niger Delta -- Scope of the book -- PART ONE | Causes of conflict, state (in)capacities -- 1 | The Nigerian state, oil and the Niger Delta crisis -- Introduction -- Revisiting the 'resource war' perspective to violent conflict -- The technologies and politics of dispossession -- Alienation, group mobilization and violent conflicts -- Conclusion: the imperative of resource ownership and control -- 2 | Capacity and governance deficits in the response to the Niger Delta crisis -- Introduction -- Salient dimensions of the Niger Delta conflict -- Elements of a comprehensive response -- Capacity and governance aspects of the response crisis -- Charting a way forward -- Conclusion.

3 | The struggle for resource control and violence in the Niger Delta -- Introduction -- Resource control and petro-violence in the Niger Delta -- Resource control and the future of petro-violence -- Resource control, peace and sustainable development in the Niger Delta -- 4 | The Niger Delta crisis and the question of access to justice -- Introduction -- Access to justice: some conceptual issues -- Law, legitimacy and access to justice -- Law, the Nigerian state, oil, and the implications for access to justice in the Niger Delta -- The grievances -- The legislative framework -- Impediments in the judicial system -- The move towards activism as an alternative means of seeking justice -- The government's response to the rise in activism -- Conclusion -- 5 | The Ijaw National Congress and conflict resolution in the Niger Delta -- Introduction -- Ijaws and the Niger Delta -- Figure 5.1 Projects of the presidential committee on the disbursement of the 1.5 percent oil-producing areas development fund -- Ijaw nationalism and the formation of the INC -- The history of the INC -- Table 5.1 INC engagement approaches and demands -- The INC's agenda for conflict resolution in the Niger Delta -- Interrogating the INC's agenda for resource control, conflict resolution and peace-building in the Niger Delta -- Figure 5.2 Comparison of revenue allocation to six geopolitical zones of Nigeria -- Conclusion -- 6 | Changing the paradigm of pacification: oil and militarization in Nigeria's Delta region -- Introduction -- The evolution of an unending crisis -- Oil, militarization and the banality of state power -- Multinational oil companies and the militarization of extraction -- The more things change …? Oil and the future of the Niger Delta -- 7 | Nigeria's oil diplomacy and the management of the Niger Delta crisis -- Introduction.

Oil multinationals and the Nigerian state: more than a partnership of convenience? -- Oil MNCs and their home governments -- Government strategies for managing the Niger Delta crisis -- The international dimension to government's management of the Niger Delta crisis -- The global securitization of the Niger Delta: emerging challenges for Nigeria's oil diplomacy -- Conclusion -- PART TWO | Conflict actors' dynamics -- 8 | 'Mend Me': the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta and the empowerment of violence -- Introduction -- Neopatrimonialism as social practice -- Social banditry and neopatrimonial structures -- The nature of the insurgency -- Conclusion -- 9 | Popular and criminal violence as instruments of struggle in the Niger Delta region -- Introduction -- Conceptual and analytical notes -- The oil economy and the emergence of militant agitation in the Niger Delta -- Youth militias in the Niger Delta: complexities and colorations -- From protesters to militias -- Table 9.1 Kidnapping/hostage-taking in Bayelsa state, 2004-07 -- Popular violence and the insurgency in the Niger Delta -- Criminal violence in the Niger Delta -- Conclusion -- 10 | Swamped with weapons: the proliferation of illicit small arms and light weapons in the Niger Delta -- Introduction -- The proliferation of small arms and light weapons -- The drivers behind the proliferation -- Methods of sourcing small arms and light weapons -- The devastating impact of small arms and light weapons -- 11 | Women's protests in the Niger Delta region -- Introduction -- Conflict: theorizing women's protests -- Women's protests in the Niger Delta region -- Organization of women's protests in the Niger Delta -- Factors engendering women's protests in the Niger Delta region -- Women's protests - successes or failures? -- Conclusion -- PART THREE | Oil MNCs' response(s).

12 | Corporate social responsibility and the Niger Delta conflict: issues and prospects -- Introduction -- Oil multinationals and the dynamics of CSR strategies in the Niger Delta: trends and issues -- Figure 12.1 Conceptual linkage of CSR and conflict in the Niger Delta -- Figure 12.2 Corporate-community relations practices -- CSR-conflict nexus: conceptual framework -- Corporate Social Responsibility and conflict in the Niger Delta: opportunities and challenges -- The CSR-conflict nexus: structural constraints -- Table 12.1 Educational distribution of respondents by village -- Table 12.2 Respondents' employment in oil MNCs by village -- Table 12.3 Nature of respondents' employment by village -- The CSR-conflict nexus: CSR practices and systemic issues -- The CSR-conflict nexus: questions of an enabling environment -- Table 12.4 Public sector roles -- Table 12.5 CSR roles and government agencies -- Figure 12.3 Comparison of monthly allocations to Rivers state and other Nigerian states -- Emerging issues and conclusion -- 13 | Labelling oil, contesting governance: Legaloil.com, the GMoU and profiteering in the Niger Delta -- Legaloil.com -- The GMoU -- Soku: conflict transformation and territorial security -- Map 13.1 The region around the Soku gas plant -- Table 13.1 State and clan affiliation of 'hosts' to the Soku gas plant -- From the 'whole community' to the GMoU -- Conclusion -- 14 | Conclusion: amnesty and post-amnesty peace, is the window of opportunity closing for the Niger Delta? -- Introduction -- Peace initiatives under President Yar'Adua (2007-09) -- Post-amnesty DDR: how wide a window? -- Conclusion: peering through a half-open, half-closed window -- Notes -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 -- Chapter 3 -- Chapter 4 -- Chapter 6 -- Chapter 8 -- Chapter 9 -- Chapter 10 -- Chapter 11 -- Chapter 12 -- Chapter 13 -- Chapter 14 -- Bibliography.

Contributors -- Index.

The recent escalation in the violent conflict in the Niger Delta has brought the region to the forefront of international energy and security concerns. Oil and Insurgency in the Niger Delta analyses the dynamics of the violence, focusing on the ways in which oil and Nigerian politics have morphed poorly coordinated, non-violent protests into a pan-Delta insurgency. Approaching the issue from a number of perspectives, the book offers the most up-to-date and comprehensive analysis available of the varied dimensions of the conflict.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2018. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.