COVER -- HALF-TITLE -- TITLE -- COPYRIGHT -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS -- TABLE OF CASES -- Permanent Court of International Justice -- International Court of Justice -- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda -- Special Court for Sierra Leone -- Post-World War II cases -- Human Rights Committee -- European Court/Commission of Human Rights -- Inter-American Court/Commission of Human Rights -- Domestic courts -- Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission/Arbitral Tribunal -- TABLE OF TREATIES AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS -- Treaties and International Court Statutes -- Domestic laws -- Declarations -- ABBREVIATIONS -- PART 1 Setting the scene: Theoretical perspectives on international law in the ICRC Study -- 1 The methodological framework of the Study -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The methodological framework -- 2 The approach to customary international law in the Study -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The question of codification -- 2. The Study's exposition of the methodology employed -- 3. Kirgis' 'sliding scale' -- 4. The move towards Nicaragua -- 5. The normative significance of the practice of States parties to treaties -- 6. The identification of practice -- 7. Some concluding observations -- 3 Other areas of customary law in relation to the Study -- 1. Introduction -- International law and situations of conflict -- Customary law and compartmentalisation -- a. The compartmentalisation of rules -- b. Compartmentalisation of evidence -- The coexistence of international humanitarian law and human rights law -- a. Whether human rights law is expressly designed to apply in situations of conflict -- b. Lex specialis -- c. Persistent objection to the applicability of human rights law -- d. The use made of human rights law in the Study -- PART 2 The status of conflict and combatants: The ICRC Study -- 4 Status of armed conflicts -- 1. Introduction.

2. Determining the status of armed conflicts -- International armed conflict -- Non-international armed conflict -- Internationalised non-international armed conflict -- Reclassification of armed conflicts -- The 'global war on terrorism' -- 3. Final remarks -- 5 Combatant status -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The development of combatant status -- 3. Combatant status in the Study -- Definitions -- Operative rules on combatant status -- 4. Discussion of the combatant status rules in the Study -- 5. Practical problems with combatant status and whether they are clarified by the Study -- Do members of the regular armed forces54 lose combatant status if they fail to comply with the various conditions for combatant status? -- What is the status of unqualified participants? -- Is combatant status lost through failure to comply with the rule of distinction? -- Do combatants have to wear uniform to distinguish themselves? -- Is unqualified participation by itself a war crime? -- Is the nationality of the captured person of significance? -- Does it make any di.erence where the activities occur? -- May an unqualified combatant be detained without trial? -- Does it make a di.erence if it is a non-international armed conflict? -- 6. Final remarks -- PART 3 Commentary on selected Rules from the ICRC Study -- 6 The law of targeting -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Rules -- 3. Final remarks -- 7 Protected persons and objects -- 1. Introduction -- Lieber code -- 1864 Geneva convention -- 1899 and 1907 Hague regulations -- 1949 Geneva conventions -- 2. The Rules -- Medical and religious personnel and objects -- Humanitarian relief personnel and objects -- Personnel and objects involved in peacekeeping missions -- Journalists -- Protected zones -- Cultural property -- Works and installations containing dangerous forces -- Other persons afforded specific protection.

3. Final remarks -- 8 Natural environment -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Rules -- 3. Final remarks -- 9 Specific methods of warfare -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Rules -- Denial of Quarter -- Destruction and Seizure of Property -- Starvation and Access to Humanitarian Relief -- Deception -- Communication with the Enemy -- 3. Final remarks -- 10 Weapons, means and methods of warfare -- 1. Introduction -- Methodology used in the Study to identify customary law on weapons -- 2. The Rules -- General principles on the use of weapons -- Specific weapons, means and methods of warfare: Poison -- Specific weapons, means and methods of warfare: Biological weapons -- Specific weapons, means and methods of warfare: bullets -- Specific weapons, means and methods of warfare: Non-detectable fragments -- Specific weapons, means and methods of warfare: Booby traps -- Specific weapons, means and methods of warfare: Landmines -- Specific weapons, means and methods of warfare: Incendiary weapons -- Specific weapons, means and methods of warfare: Blinding laser weapons -- 3. Final remarks -- 11 Fundamental guarantees -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Rules -- a. General principles -- b. Killings -- c. Ill-treatment -- d. Slavery and forced labour -- e. Hostages and human shields -- f. 'Enforced disappearances' -- g. Detention -- h. Due process guarantees -- i. Personal rights -- 3. Final remarks -- 12 Status and treatment of prisoners of war and other persons deprived of their liberty -- 1. Introduction -- Treaty development or codification of custom? -- Prisoners of War -- Other persons deprived of their liberty -- 2. The Rules -- A. Prisoner ofWar status -- B. Treatment - Persons deprived of liberty -- 3. Final remarks -- 13 Displacement and displaced persons -- 1. Introduction -- Sources used -- 2. The Rules -- 3. Final remarks -- 14 Implementation and compliance.

1. Introduction -- 2. The Rules -- Compliance with international humanitarian law -- Enforcement of international humanitarian law -- Reprisals -- State responsibility -- 3. Final remarks -- 15 War crimes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Rules -- Individual Responsibility -- War Crimes -- 3. Final remarks -- PART 4 Conclusions -- 16 Conclusions -- The methodology -- The Rules -- The value of the Study -- INDEX.

A commentary on Customary International Humanitarian Law (Cambridge, 2005).

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2018. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.