Intro -- CONTENTS -- Contributors to the Proceedings of the XXII Solvay Conference on Physics -- Administrative Council of the International Solvay Institutes for Physics and Chemistry -- Scientific Committee of Physics of the International Solvay Institutes for Physics and Chemistry -- Honorary Committee -- Hellenic Scientific Committee and Local Organising Committee -- The Solvay Conferences on Physics -- Preface -- Prologue by Minister E. Venizelos -- First Solvay Conference -- Opening Address by J. Solvay -- Opening Remarks by I. Prigogine -- Challenges in Ambient Intelligence G. Metakides -- Decoherence and Irreversibility -- Stochasticity and Time Symmetry Breaking in Hamiltonian Dynamics I. Prigogine, S. Kim, G. Ordonez and T. Petrosky -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Integrable and non-Integrable systems -- 3 Construction of the A transformation -- 4 The Classical Friedrichs Model -- 4.1 New particle modes -- 4.2 Gamow modes -- 4.3 A transformation -- 5 Brownian motion -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix -- A The U operator -- B Extension of U to A -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: H. Walther -- Preservation of a T-Invariant Reductionist Scaffold in "Effective" Intrinsically Irreversible Quantum Mechanics Y. Ne 'eman -- 1 Apology and Introduction -- 2 One Thousand Years of Greek Science -- 3 The One-Thousand Years Gap -- 4 The (Rigged Hilbert Space) Time-Arrowed Formalism -- Acknowledgments -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: H. Walther -- Entanglement, Complementarity and Decoherence J. M. Raimond -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental set-up -- 3 Two-particle entanglement -- 4 Quantum gates and non destructive measurement of photons -- 5 Multiparticle entanglement -- 6 Complementarity and entanglement at the quantum-classical boundary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: A . Zeilinger.

Phase Dynamics of Solid-state Qubits: Magnets and Superconductors P. C. E. Stamp -- 1 Introduction: Quantum Communication, and large-scale Quantum Phenomena -- 2 Magnets and superconductors: microscopic physics -- 2.1 Magnetic systems -- Truncation to a qubit -- Phonons and Nuclear spins -- 2.2 Superconducting systems -- 3 Solid-state Qubit Hamiltonians -- 3.1 single solid-state qubits -- 3.2 multi-qubit systems -- 4 Qubit Dynamics -- 4.1 Main features of Single qubit dynamics -- Spin-boson model -- Central Spin model -- 4.2 Application to magnetic and superconducting Qubits -- Magnetic Systems -- Superconducting systems -- 5 Suppressing Decoherence -- 5.1 Decoherence Suppression in Magnetic Systems -- 5.2 Decoherence Suppression in Superconducting Systems -- 5.3 General Remarks -- Active decoherence suppression -- 6 Fhture Prospects -- Acknowledgements -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: A . Zeilinger -- Decoherence, Purification and Entanglement E. C. G. Sudarshan -- 1 Pure and Impure States: Density Matrices and Mappings -- 2 Purification -- 3 Stochastic Maps from Hamiltonian Systems -- 4 Decoherent Evolutions: Extremal Maps -- 5 Entangled Systems, Decoherence and Purification -- 6 Concluding Remarks: Decoherence and Irreversibility. -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: A . Zeilinger -- Propagation of Decoherence in a Field and Complex Spectral Representation T. Petrosky and C. 0. Ting -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The System -- 3 Complex spectral representation of the Liouvillian -- 4 Time evolution of the system -- 5 Theoretical predictions V.S. numerical simulations -- 6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: L. Stodolsky -- Time Asymmetric Quantum Theory. Foundations and Applications A. Bohm, M. Gadella and M. J. Mithaiwala -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The fundamental assumptions of Quantum Mechanics.

3 The fundamental hypothesis of time asymmetric Quantum Mechanics -- 4 Consequences of the Hardy Space hypothesis -- 4.1 Time asymmetry -- 4.2 Gamow vectors -- 4.3 Complex basis vector expansion -- 5 Conclusions and general remarks -- Acknowledgments -- Appendix: A note on Lebesgue integrals -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: L. Stodolsky -- On Phonon Mediated Decoherence of Orbital Degrees of Freedom in Quantum Dot L. Jacak, J. Krasnyj, D. Jacak and P. Machnikowski -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model -- 3 Diagonalization of electron-LO phonon interaction -- 4 Relaxation rates for polaron -- 5 Frohlich constant for electron confined in the quantum dot -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- DISCUS SION Chairman: L. Stodolsky -- Stimulated Emission with Non-Equilibrium State of Radiation L. Accardi, K. lmafuku and S. V. Kozyrev -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Application of stochastic limit to non-relativistic QED -- 2.1 Rate equation for 3-leuel atom -- 2.2 Number operator for the Field -- 3 Radiation from the non-equilibrium stationary state -- 4 The Double Einstein formula -- 5 The non equilibrium Gibbs factor -- 6 The local KMS condition -- 7 The local KMS condition for discrete Hamiltonians -- Acknowledgments -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: A . Bohm -- Effects of Static Imperfections for Quantum Computing G. Benenti and G. Casati -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Themodel -- 3 Spectral statistics -- 4 Dynamical thermalization -- 5 The sawtooth map -- 6 The quantum algorithm -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- DISCUSSIONChairman: A. Bohm -- Lessons of Coherence and Decoherence - From Neutrinos to SQUIDS L. Stodolsky -- 1 The Unitarity Deficit Formula -- 2 A common misconception -- 3 Mesoscopic systems -- 4 Adiabatic logic elements and the quantum computer -- 5 Some Experimental Proposals -- Reference.

Kolmogorov Complexity, Cosmic Background Radiation and Irreversibility V. G. Gurzadyan -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Geodesics -- 3 Kolmogorov Complexity -- 4 The Complexity Algorithm -- 5 Cosmic Background Maps -- 6 Boomerang Maps -- 7 Arrows of Time -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- DISCUSSIONChairman: A. Bohm -- Observation of the Quantum Zeno and Anti-Zeno Effects in an Unstable System B. Gutie'rrez-Medina, M. C. Fischer and M. G. Raizen -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Non-exponential decay, and the Zen0 and Anti-Zeno effects -- 2.1 Non-exponential decay -- 2.2 Quantum Zeno and Anti-Zeno effects -- 3 Quantum transport in an optical lattice -- 3.1 An atom an an optical lattice -- 3.2 Landau-Zener tunneling -- 4 Experimental realization -- References -- DISCUSSIONChairman: T. Petrosky -- Quantum Zeno Effect B. Misra and I. Antoniou -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Survival probability under repeated measurements and"wave-packet reduction" -- 3 Quantum Zen0 effect: general formulation -- 4 Quantum Zen0 effect, Anti Zen0 effect and deviation fromexponential decay law -- 5 Estimation of Zen0 period for unstable state -- Acknowledgements -- References -- DISCUSSIONChairman: T. Petrosky -- Quantum Zen0 Subspaces and Dynamical Superselection Rules P. Facchi and S. Pascazio -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Notation and preliminary notions:pulsed measurements -- 3 Misra and Sudarshan's theorem -- 4 Multidimensional measurements -- 4.1 Incomplete measurements -- 4.2 Nonselective measurements -- 5 Continuous observation -- 5.1 Non-Hennatian Hamiltonian -- 5.2 Continuous Rabi observation -- 6 Novel definition of quantum Zen0 effect -- 6.1 Oscillating systems -- 6.2 Unstable systems -- 7 Dynamical quantum Zen0 effect -- 7.1 A theorem -- 7.2 Dynamicnl superselection rules -- 7.3 Proof of the theorem -- 7.4 Zeno evolution from an adiabatic theorem -- 8 Example: three-level system.

9 Zeno dynamics in a tensor-product space -- 9.1 Three-level system revisited -- 9.2 Two coupled qubits -- 9.2.1 Nondegenerate case 0 = 770 # 771 # 772 # 770 -- 9.2.2 Degenerate interaction 0 = 770 # 111 = 772 -- 9.2.3 Imperfect measurement 0 = qo = 771 # 772 -- 10 A watched cook can freely watch a boiling pot -- 11 Quantum computation and decoherence-free subspaces -- 12 Spontaneous decay in vacuum -- 13 Conclusions -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: T. Petrosky -- Non-Locality and Superluminosity -- Faster-than-Light Propagations, Negative Group Delays, and Their Applications R. Y. Chiao -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiments on superluminal group velocities -- 2.1 Phasor description of superluminal propagation -- 3 General principles for negative group delays in electronic circuits -- 3.1 Negative group delays necessitated by the "Golden Rule" for operationalamplifier circuits with negative feedback -- 3.2 The "Golden Rule" and the inversion of the transfer function of anypassive linear circuit -- 3.3 Data demonstrating the elimination of propagation delays from RC timeconstants by means of negative group delays -- 3.4 Energy transport by pulses in the optical and electronic domains -- 3.5 Kramers-Kronig relations imply faster-than-c group velocities, and theBode relations necessitate negative group delays -- 4 Anomalous transmission times in condensed matter systems -- 4.1 Condensate-mediated transmission of helium atoms through superfluidhelium slabs -- 4.2 Transmission times of atoms through an atomic BEC -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- DISCUSSION Chairman: G. Leuchs -- Signal Velocity of Superluminal Light Pulses L. J . Wang -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Transparent Anomalous Dispersion -- 3 Pulse Propagation in an Anomalously Dispersive Medium, Pulse "rephasing"versus "reshaping" -- 4 Signal velocity and quantum fluctuation.

5 Summary.

This volume presents the state of the art in the research on new possibilities for communication and computation based on quantum theory and nonlocality, as well as related directions and problems. It discusses challenging issues: decoherence and irreversibility; nonlocality and superluminosity; photonics; quantum information and communication; quantum computation.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2018. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.