Front cover -- Copyright page -- Previous sessions -- Organizers -- Lecturers -- Participants -- Preface -- Table of contents -- Course 1 Flavour physics and grand unification -- Introduction -- Theoretical reasons for new physics -- Observational" reasons for new physics -- The SM as an effective low-energy theory -- Flavor, CP and new physics -- The flavor problem in SUSY -- CP violation in SUSY -- Grand unification and SUSY GUTS -- SU(5) the prototype of GUT theory -- The Georgi-Glashow minimal SU(5) model -- Distinctive features of GUTs and problems in building a realistic model -- Supersymmetric grand unification -- The hierarchy problem and supersymmetry -- SUSY GUT predictions and problems -- Realistic" supersymmetric SU(5) models -- Other GUT Models -- The seesaw mechanism -- SO(10) -- Flavour and CP violation in SUSY -- Flavour changing neutral currents in the MSSM -- Grand unification of FCNCs -- Supersymmetric seesaw and lepton flavour violation -- Seesaw in GUTs: SO(10) and LFV -- References -- Course 2 CP violation in meson decays -- Introduction -- Why believe the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism? -- Why doubt the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism? -- The baryon asymmetry of the universe -- The strong CP problem -- New physics -- Will new CP violation be observed in experiments? -- The Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism -- Yukawa interactions are the source of CP violation -- CKM mixing is the (only!) source of CP violation in the quark sector -- The three phases in the lepton mixing matrix -- The flavor parameters -- The unitarity triangles -- The uniqueness of the Standard Model picture of CP violation -- Meson decays -- Charged and neutral meson decays -- Neutral meson mixing -- CP-violating observables -- Classification of CP-violating effects -- Theoretical interpretation: general considerations -- K decays -- Implications of epsilonK.

D decays -- B decays -- b->ccs transitions -- Penguin dominated b->s transitions -- General considerations -- Calculating the deviations from Sf=SpsiK -- b->uud transitions -- b->cus,uc s transitions -- CP violation as a probe of new physics -- Supersymmetric CP violation -- CP-violating parameters -- The supersymmetric CP problem -- The supersymmetric epsilonK problem -- More on supersymmetric flavor and CP violation -- Discussion -- Lessons from the B factories -- References -- Course 3 Supersymmetry breaking -- Preamble -- Structure and further reading -- Basic features of supersymmetry breaking -- Order parameters for supersymmetry breaking -- The scalar potential and flat directions -- The Goldstino -- Tree-level breaking: F-type -- Tree-level breaking: D-type -- Going local -- Beyond tree level: dynamical supersymmetry breaking -- Indirect analysis-SU(5) with single antisymmetric -- Direct analysis: the 3-2 model -- Classical theory -- Exact superpotential -- Calculable minimum -- Mediating the breaking -- Mediating supersymmetry-breaking by Planck-suppressed operators -- Anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking -- Gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking -- How NOT to fix AMSB -- Supersymmetry basics -- References -- Course 4 Extra dimensions: a primer -- Introduction -- Homogeneous and small extra dimensions: Kaluza-Klein -- Localized matter -- Simplest brane: domain wall -- Scalars -- Fermions -- Gauge fields -- Large extra dimensions: ADD -- KK picture for gravitons -- Potential conflict with cosmology and astrophysics -- Warped extra dimension -- Non-factorizable geometry -- Slice of adS5 -- Matter on negative tension brane: RS1 -- Matter on positive tension brane -- Infinite extra dimension: RS2 -- Localized graviton -- Escape into extra dimension -- Holographic interpretation -- Brane worlds as a theoretical laboratory -- References.

Course 5 Phenomenology of extra dimensions -- Introduction -- Large extra dimensions -- Short range tests of gravity -- Astrophysical and cosmological constraints -- Collider probes -- TeV-1-sized extra dimensions -- Warped extra dimensions -- Summary -- References -- Course 6 Warped models and holography -- Preamble -- Introduction -- Bulk fields in a slice of AdS5 -- A slice of AdS5 -- The bulk field Lagrangian -- Scalar fields -- Fermions -- Summary -- The Standard Model in the bulk -- Yukawa couplings -- Higher-dimension operators -- Higgs as a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson -- AdS/CFT and holography -- Holography of scalar fields -- nu- branch holography -- nu+ branch holography -- Dual 4D description of the Standard Model in the bulk -- Yukawa couplings -- Minimal composite Higgs model -- Supersymmetric models in warped space -- Supersymmetry in a slice of AdS -- The warped MSSM: a model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking -- The dual 4D interpretation -- The partly supersymmetric Standard Model: a natural model of high-scale supersymmetry breaking -- Higgs sector possibilities -- Electroweak symmetry breaking -- Dual 4D interpretation -- Grand unification -- Logarithmic running in 5D warped space -- Partly supersymmetric grand unification -- Conclusion -- References -- Course 7 New approaches to electroweak symmetry breaking -- Preamble -- Electroweak symmetry breaking and new physics -- SM Higgs physics -- Higgs mechanism -- Counting the degrees of freedom -- Custodial symmetry -- Unitarity bound -- Triviality bound -- Stabilization of the Higgs potential by symmetries -- EW precision tests -- An example of EW corrections induced by a heavy particle -- General structure of the EW corrections -- An example of EW corrections induced by a higher dimensional operator -- Little Higgs models -- Gauge-Higgs unification models.

Orbifold breaking. 5D SU(3) model -- 6D G2 model -- Radiative corrections -- Introducing matter and Yukawa interactions -- Experimental signatures -- Recent developments and open issues -- 5D Higgsless models -- Gauge symmetry breaking by boundary conditions -- Boundary conditions for a scalar field -- Boundary conditions for a gauge field -- Higgs mechanism localized on a boundary: scalar decoupling limit -- Unitarity restoration by KK modes. Sum Rules of Higgsless theories -- Toys models -- En route vers a Higgsless model -- Flat Higgsless model -- Warped Higgsless model with custodial symmetry -- A bit of AdS/CFT -- Towards a realistic Higgsless model -- Fermion masses -- Chiral fermions from orbifold projection/boundary condition -- Fermions in AdS background -- Higgsless fermions masses -- Electroweak precision tests -- Collider signatures -- Recent developments and conclusion -- References -- Course 8 Aspects of string phenomenology -- Preamble -- Introduction -- String theories and D-branes: spectra and dualities -- Orientifolds and the Type I string -- Perturbative expansion, one-loop amplitudes -- Various D-branes and O-planes: BPS and non-BPS configurations -- Compactification to four-dimensions -- Branes at angles: intersecting brane worlds -- Mechanisms for supersymmetry breaking -- The Scherk-Schwarz mechanism -- Models based on non-BPS systems: brane supersymmetry breaking -- Internal magnetic fields / intersecting branes -- Anomalies and generalized four dimensional Green-Schwarz mechanism -- Moduli stabilization -- Flux moduli stabilization in orientifolds of the type IIB string -- Supersymmetry breaking and moduli stabilization in Horava-Witten M-theory -- Moduli stabilization and de Sitter vacua -- Small and large extra dimensions -- Compactification, mass scales and couplings -- Large extra dimensions -- Accelerated unification.

Conclusions -- References -- Course 9 Particle astrophysics and cosmology -- What is particle astrophysics or astroparticle? -- The (not so) quiet universe -- Gravity rules the evolution of the universe -- A first try at solving Einstein's equations: the Schwarzschild solution -- Gravitational instability I: galaxies -- Gravitational instability II: compact objects, from dwarfs to black holes -- Stars -- Gravitational collapse: black holes -- Gravitational waves -- The violent universe -- Stellar evolution -- Active Galactic Nuclei and supermassive black holes -- Accretion to a compact object -- Supernovae -- Gamma ray bursts -- Gravitational waves -- The universe at large -- Energy budget -- Measure of distances -- Cosmic Microwave Background [CMB] -- Baryon acoustic oscillations -- Acceleration of the universe -- Standard or standardizable candles? -- The early universe -- Inflation -- Inflation scenarios -- Dark energy -- Astrophysical constants and scales -- Burning fuel: nuclear reactions in stars -- References -- Course 10 Ultra-high energy cosmic rays -- Introduction -- Background information -- The observed spectrum -- Detection techniques -- The arrival direction distribution -- Propagation of UHECR -- General remarks -- Pion photoproduction -- The GZK cutoff -- Deflections in the magnetic fields -- Summary: the UHECR puzzle -- AGN models -- Gamma-ray bursts as sources of UHECR -- Young rapidly rotating neutron stars (magnetars) -- Superheavy dark matter + AGNs -- Topological defects -- Violation of Lorentz invariance -- Strong neutrino interactions -- Quest for sources -- Clustering of UHECR events -- Predictions for future data -- Conclusions and outlook -- References -- Course 11 Neutrino mass and mixing: toward the underlying physics -- Preamble -- Introduction -- Notions and notations -- Flavors, masses and mixing.

Two aspects of mixing.

The Standard Model of elementary particles and interactions is one of the best tested theories in physics. It has been found to be in remarkable agreement with experiment, and its validity at the quantum level has been successfully probed in the electroweak sector. In spite of its experimental successes, though, the Standard Model suffers from a number of limitations, and is likely to be an incomplete theory. It contains many arbitrary parameters; it does not include gravity, the fourth elementary interaction; it does not provide an explanation for the hierarchy between the scale of electroweak interactions and the Planck scale, characteristic of gravitational interactions; and finally, it fails to account for the dark matter and the baryon asymmetry of the universe. This led particle theorists to develop and study various extensions of the Standard Model, such as supersymmetric theories, Grand Unified Theories or theories with extra space-time dimensions - most of which have been proposed well before the experimental verification of the Standard Model. The coming generation of experimental facilities (such as high-energy colliders, B-physics experiments, neutrino superbeams, as well as astrophysical and cosmological observational facilities) will allow us to test the predictions of these theories and to deepen our understanding of the fundamental laws of nature. This book is a collection of lectures given in August 2005 at the Les Houches Summer School on Particle Physics beyond the Standard Model. It provides a pedagogical introduction to the various aspects of particle physics beyond the Standard Model, covering each topic from the basics to the most recent developments: supersymmetric theories, Grand Unified Theories, theories with extra dimensions, flavour physics and CP violation, neutrino physics, astroparticle physics and cosmology. ·

Provides a pedagogical introduction to particle physics beyond the Standard Model · Covers the various aspects of particle physics beyond the Standard Model · Addresses each topic from the basics to the most recent developments · Addresses both the theoretical and phenomenological aspects of the subject · Written in a pedagogical style by leading experts in the field.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2018. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.