Front Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- 1 Gender Equality in MENA: The Facts and the Puzzle -- Impressive Achievements in Human Development -- Women's Participation outside the Home Is Limited -- What Explains the MENA Puzzle? -- Notes -- References -- 2 Traditional Gender Norms and the Legal Framework Limit Women's Agency -- Gender Norms Constrain Women's Roles outside the Home -- Equality under the Law and Its Enforcement Are Critical for Women's Agency -- Notes -- References -- 3 Economic Incentives Dampen Participation in the Workforce -- Extensive Public Sector Employment with Generous Compensation -- Generous Subsidies Encourage Women to Stay at Home -- State Regulation and Intervention in the Market -- Heavy Investment in Education, but Not the Kind That Businesses Want -- Unequal Access to Entrepreneurship Opportunities -- Note -- References -- 4 Time for Reform Is Now -- Aspirations Are Changing -- A Demographic Gift? -- Social Contract No Longer Sustainable -- Note -- References -- 5 Opening the Door to Women: Policy Directions -- A Roadmap to Reform -- Policies to Address the Region's Challenges -- Notes -- References -- Appendix A Technical Notes for Figures -- Appendix B Tables -- Appendix C Data Sources -- Boxes -- Figures -- Tables -- Back Cover.

In the last two decades, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has closed many critical gender gaps, especially in ensuring equal access for girls and boys to education and healthcare. Today, the region can be proud that its women are enrolling in far greater numbers in university than ever before, and indeed, in many countries, young women are more educated than young men. At the same time, MENA has also witnessed the largest decrease in maternal mortality in the world. These achievements are commendable, and the next step is expanding the role of MENA women in the work place and in public life. Currently, only one in four women of working age are employed or looking for work. Many of them find it very difficult to get a job. Young women in many MENA countries face unemployment rates as high as 50 percent. It is no surprise then, that the region's young, educated women are calling for greater access to economic opportunities, and a more equal, inclusive society.These unmet aspirations and the vast untapped potential of half of the region's people, at a time when the region is undergoing a momentous transformation is the context of this report. The analysis in the report makes a compelling case for concerted and coordinated action on multiple fronts to realize these aspirations and harness the potential of MENA's women. In the region, women face a complex set of constraints to decision-making, choice, mobility and opportunity. Legal barriers, gender norms, lack of market relevant skills, limited opportunities in the private sector, to name a few. The report offers suggestions for policy action to address these myriad challenges. As the region looks to a new future and a new development path, we hope that this report will provide an analytical platform for debate and dialogue and a renewed commitment to gender equality.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2018. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.