Regional Integration Agreements (Record no. 138061)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 03818cam a22006614a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER | |
| control field | 2260 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER | |
| control field | The World Bank |
| 006 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--ADDITIONAL MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | m d |
| 007 - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION FIXED FIELD--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | cr cn||||||||| |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | 020129s1999 dcu i001 0 eng |
| 024 8# - OTHER STANDARD IDENTIFIER | |
| Standard number or code | 10.1596/1813-9450-2260 |
| 035 ## - SYSTEM CONTROL NUMBER | |
| System control number | (The World Bank)2260 |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Venables, Anthony |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Regional Integration Agreements |
| Medium | [electronic resource] : |
| Remainder of title | A Force for Convergence or Divergence? / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc | Venables, Anthony |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc | Washington, D.C., |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc | The World Bank, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc | 1999 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | 1 online resource (36 p.) |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc | December 1999 - Developing countries may be better served by north-south than by south-south free trade agreements. Free trade agreements between low-income countries tend to lead to divergence in member country incomes, while agreements between high-income countries tend to lead to convergence. Venables examines how benefits - and costs - of a free trade area are divided among member countries. Outcomes depend on the member countries' comparative advantage, relative to one another and to the rest of the world. Venables finds that free trade agreements between low-income countries tend to lead to divergence in member country incomes, while agreements between high-income countries tend to lead to convergence. Changes induced by comparative advantage may be amplified by the effects of agglomeration. The results suggest that developing countries may be better served by north-south than by south-south free trade agreements, because north-south agreements increase their prospects for convergence with high-income members of the free trade area. In north-south free trade agreements, additional forces are likely to operate. The agreement may be used, for example, as a commitment mechanism to lock in economic reforms (as happened in Mexico with the North American Free Trade Agreement and in Eastern European countries with the European Union). A free trade agreement may also - through its effect on trade and through foreign direct investment - promote technology transfer to lower-income members. This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study the effects of regional integration. The author may be contacted at avenables@worldbank.org. |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Agriculture |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Comparative Advantage |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Consumers |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Country Strategy and Performance |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Development Economics |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Economic Integration |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Economic Performance |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Economic Theory and Research |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Emerging Markets |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Finance and Financial Sector Development |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Financial Literacy |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Free Trade |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Human Capital |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Income |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Income Levels |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Inequality |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | International Economics & Trade |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Law and Development |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Outcomes |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Per Capita Income |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Per Capita Incomes |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Poverty Reduction |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Private Sector Development |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Production |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Public Sector Development |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Real Income |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Social Protections and Labor |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Theory |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Trade and Regional Integration |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Trade Diversion |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Trade Law |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Trade Policy |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Value |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Value Added |
| 650 #4 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name as entry element | Welfare |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Venables, Anthony |
| 776 18 - ADDITIONAL PHYSICAL FORM ENTRY | |
| Main entry heading | Print version: |
| Display text | Venables, Anthony. |
| Title | Regional Integration Agreements. |
| Place, publisher, and date of publication | Washington, D.C., The World Bank, 1999 |
| 830 #0 - SERIES ADDED ENTRY--UNIFORM TITLE | |
| Uniform title | Policy research working papers. |
| 830 #0 - SERIES ADDED ENTRY--UNIFORM TITLE | |
| Uniform title | World Bank e-Library. |
| 856 40 - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/1813-9450-2260">http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/1813-9450-2260</a> |
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