Smith, Michael D.
Astrophysical Jets and Beams. - 1 online resource (242 pages) - Cambridge Astrophysics ; v.49 . - Cambridge Astrophysics .
Cover -- ASTROPHYSICAL JETS AND BEAMS -- Series editors -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Rudimentary definitions and concepts -- 1.2 Jet presence and function -- 1.3 Early history -- 1.4 Surprising discoveries -- 1.5 Overview and points of view -- 1.6 Summary -- 2 Detection and measurement -- 2.1 Synchrotron radiation -- 2.2 Self-absorption and polarisation -- 2.3 Compton processes -- 2.4 Electrons: free-free and bremsstrahlung processes -- 2.5 Atomic processes -- 2.6 Molecular processes -- 2.7 Maser beams -- 2.8 Power and size -- 2.9 Summary -- 3 The dynamical toolbox -- 3.1 The inviscid hydrodynamic equations -- 3.2 Viscosity -- 3.3 Magnetohydrodynamics -- 3.4 Steady jets as potential flows -- 3.5 Streamlines: rotating MHD flow -- 3.6 Special relativistic flow -- 3.7 Shock waves -- 3.7.1 Relativistic shock waves -- 3.7.2 Non-relativistic shock waves -- 3.7.3 Radiative shock waves -- 3.8 Non-ideal MHD and non-MHD -- 3.9 Summary -- 4 Observations of extragalactic jets -- 4.1 The morphological classes of radio galaxies -- 4.1.1 Edge-brightened and edge-darkened -- 4.1.2 Wide-angled tails -- 4.1.3 Narrow-angled tails -- 4.1.4 Classical doubles -- 4.1.5 Lobe-dominated quasars -- 4.1.6 Relaxed doubles -- 4.2 Detailed structure and multiwavelength features -- 4.2.1 X-ray cavities and relics -- 4.2.2 Hot spots -- 4.2.3 Optical and X-ray jets -- 4.3 Host galaxies and triggering jets -- 4.4 Summary -- 5 Jets in galactic nuclei -- 5.1 Individual blazar jets -- 5.1.1 3C 279 -- 5.1.2 3C 273 -- 5.1.3 M 87 -- 5.2 Speed and Doppler boosting -- 5.3 The class of blazar jets -- 5.4 Variability and temperature -- 5.5 The Lorentz factor crisis -- 5.6 Polarisation -- 5.7 Summary -- 6 Jets from young stars and protostars -- 6.1 Optical jets -- 6.1.1 The HH 30 jets -- 6.1.2 The RW Aur jet -- 6.1.3 The DG Tau jet. 6.1.4 Optical jets: general results -- 6.2 Embedded protostellar jets -- 6.2.1 HH 34 and HH 111 -- 6.2.2 Deeply embedded jets: HH 211 and HH 212 -- 6.3 Termination: Herbig-Haro and molecular hydrogen objects -- 6.4 Bipolar outflows -- 6.5 Small-scale jets: radio and masers -- 6.6 Summary -- 7 Jets associated with evolved stars -- 7.1 Planetary nebulae -- 7.2 Symbiotic systems -- 7.3 Supersoft X-ray sources -- 7.4 Cataclysmic variables -- 7.5 Microquasars: XRB jet systems -- 7.5.1 Low-mass X-ray binaries -- 7.5.2 High-mass X-ray binaries -- 7.5.3 Microquasars -- 7.5.4 SS 433 -- 7.6 Pulsar jets -- 7.7 Gamma-ray bursts -- 7.8 Summary -- 8 Jets within the solar system -- 8.1 Cometary jets, pre-2000 -- 8.2 Cometary jets, post-2000 -- 8.3 Moon jets -- 8.4 Solar jets -- 8.5 Summary -- 9 Jet launching -- 9.1 Hydrodynamic methods -- 9.1.1 Hydrodynamic methods: nozzles -- 9.1.2 Hydrodynamic methods: discs -- 9.1.3 Hydrodynamic methods: vents -- 9.2 Jets via magnetic reconnection -- 9.2.1 Spicules -- 9.2.2 Coronal jets -- 9.3 Magnetic field methods -- 9.3.1 Hydromagnetic driving from rotating discs -- 9.3.2 Magnetocentrifugal quantities -- 9.3.3 X-winds -- 9.3.4 Spinning black holes -- 9.3.5 Poynting jets -- 9.4 Alternative models and mechanisms -- 9.4.1 MHD simulations -- 9.4.2 Magnetic towers and funnels -- 9.4.3 ADAF jets: ion-supported flows -- 9.4.4 The disc-jet connection -- 9.4.5 Radiation-driven jets -- 9.5 Summary -- 10 Jet propagation -- 10.1 Components and structure -- 10.2 Jet shapes -- 10.3 Jet disruption -- 10.4 Jet flares and knots -- 10.5 Instability -- 10.6 Changing direction -- 10.6.1 Precession and wiggling -- 10.6.2 Bending -- 10.7 Summary -- 11 The astrophysical jet -- 11.1 Composition -- 11.2 Regulation -- 11.3 Feedback -- 11.4 Unification -- 11.5 The future -- References -- Index.
An up-to-date study of astrophysical jets that will appeal to students and researchers in all areas of astrophysics.
9781139217392
Astrophysical jets.
Astrophysics.
Electronic books.
QB466.J46 S65 2012
523
Astrophysical Jets and Beams. - 1 online resource (242 pages) - Cambridge Astrophysics ; v.49 . - Cambridge Astrophysics .
Cover -- ASTROPHYSICAL JETS AND BEAMS -- Series editors -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Rudimentary definitions and concepts -- 1.2 Jet presence and function -- 1.3 Early history -- 1.4 Surprising discoveries -- 1.5 Overview and points of view -- 1.6 Summary -- 2 Detection and measurement -- 2.1 Synchrotron radiation -- 2.2 Self-absorption and polarisation -- 2.3 Compton processes -- 2.4 Electrons: free-free and bremsstrahlung processes -- 2.5 Atomic processes -- 2.6 Molecular processes -- 2.7 Maser beams -- 2.8 Power and size -- 2.9 Summary -- 3 The dynamical toolbox -- 3.1 The inviscid hydrodynamic equations -- 3.2 Viscosity -- 3.3 Magnetohydrodynamics -- 3.4 Steady jets as potential flows -- 3.5 Streamlines: rotating MHD flow -- 3.6 Special relativistic flow -- 3.7 Shock waves -- 3.7.1 Relativistic shock waves -- 3.7.2 Non-relativistic shock waves -- 3.7.3 Radiative shock waves -- 3.8 Non-ideal MHD and non-MHD -- 3.9 Summary -- 4 Observations of extragalactic jets -- 4.1 The morphological classes of radio galaxies -- 4.1.1 Edge-brightened and edge-darkened -- 4.1.2 Wide-angled tails -- 4.1.3 Narrow-angled tails -- 4.1.4 Classical doubles -- 4.1.5 Lobe-dominated quasars -- 4.1.6 Relaxed doubles -- 4.2 Detailed structure and multiwavelength features -- 4.2.1 X-ray cavities and relics -- 4.2.2 Hot spots -- 4.2.3 Optical and X-ray jets -- 4.3 Host galaxies and triggering jets -- 4.4 Summary -- 5 Jets in galactic nuclei -- 5.1 Individual blazar jets -- 5.1.1 3C 279 -- 5.1.2 3C 273 -- 5.1.3 M 87 -- 5.2 Speed and Doppler boosting -- 5.3 The class of blazar jets -- 5.4 Variability and temperature -- 5.5 The Lorentz factor crisis -- 5.6 Polarisation -- 5.7 Summary -- 6 Jets from young stars and protostars -- 6.1 Optical jets -- 6.1.1 The HH 30 jets -- 6.1.2 The RW Aur jet -- 6.1.3 The DG Tau jet. 6.1.4 Optical jets: general results -- 6.2 Embedded protostellar jets -- 6.2.1 HH 34 and HH 111 -- 6.2.2 Deeply embedded jets: HH 211 and HH 212 -- 6.3 Termination: Herbig-Haro and molecular hydrogen objects -- 6.4 Bipolar outflows -- 6.5 Small-scale jets: radio and masers -- 6.6 Summary -- 7 Jets associated with evolved stars -- 7.1 Planetary nebulae -- 7.2 Symbiotic systems -- 7.3 Supersoft X-ray sources -- 7.4 Cataclysmic variables -- 7.5 Microquasars: XRB jet systems -- 7.5.1 Low-mass X-ray binaries -- 7.5.2 High-mass X-ray binaries -- 7.5.3 Microquasars -- 7.5.4 SS 433 -- 7.6 Pulsar jets -- 7.7 Gamma-ray bursts -- 7.8 Summary -- 8 Jets within the solar system -- 8.1 Cometary jets, pre-2000 -- 8.2 Cometary jets, post-2000 -- 8.3 Moon jets -- 8.4 Solar jets -- 8.5 Summary -- 9 Jet launching -- 9.1 Hydrodynamic methods -- 9.1.1 Hydrodynamic methods: nozzles -- 9.1.2 Hydrodynamic methods: discs -- 9.1.3 Hydrodynamic methods: vents -- 9.2 Jets via magnetic reconnection -- 9.2.1 Spicules -- 9.2.2 Coronal jets -- 9.3 Magnetic field methods -- 9.3.1 Hydromagnetic driving from rotating discs -- 9.3.2 Magnetocentrifugal quantities -- 9.3.3 X-winds -- 9.3.4 Spinning black holes -- 9.3.5 Poynting jets -- 9.4 Alternative models and mechanisms -- 9.4.1 MHD simulations -- 9.4.2 Magnetic towers and funnels -- 9.4.3 ADAF jets: ion-supported flows -- 9.4.4 The disc-jet connection -- 9.4.5 Radiation-driven jets -- 9.5 Summary -- 10 Jet propagation -- 10.1 Components and structure -- 10.2 Jet shapes -- 10.3 Jet disruption -- 10.4 Jet flares and knots -- 10.5 Instability -- 10.6 Changing direction -- 10.6.1 Precession and wiggling -- 10.6.2 Bending -- 10.7 Summary -- 11 The astrophysical jet -- 11.1 Composition -- 11.2 Regulation -- 11.3 Feedback -- 11.4 Unification -- 11.5 The future -- References -- Index.
An up-to-date study of astrophysical jets that will appeal to students and researchers in all areas of astrophysics.
9781139217392
Astrophysical jets.
Astrophysics.
Electronic books.
QB466.J46 S65 2012
523