Clarke, Sandra.
Focus on Canada. - 1 online resource (314 pages) - Varieties of English Around the World ; v.G11 . - Varieties of English Around the World .
FOCUS ON CANADA -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Introduction -- LAWLESS AND VULGAR INNOVATIONS": VICTORIAN VIEWS OF CANADIAN ENGLISH -- 1. The "American-ness" of Canadian English -- 2. The English Language in Upper Canada -- 3. Linguistic Observation as Social Criticism -- 4. Linguistic Evidence in Victorian Commentaries -- 4.1. Positive any more -- 4.2. The merger of /a/ and /ɔ/ -- 4.3. The Name of the Last Letter of the Alphabet -- 5. Geikie's List of "Transatlantic Innovations -- 5.1. Innovations Which Did Not Survive -- 5.2. Innovations Which Are Still Unacceptable -- 5.3. Innovations Which Have Become Acceptable In Informal Styles -- 5.4. Innovations Established in North America -- 5.5. Innovations Established Beyond North America -- 6. "Immodest Prudery" as a Factor in Lexical Change -- 7. Maternalism and Independence -- Acknowledgements -- REFERENCES -- CANADIAN ENGLISH LEXICOGRAPHY -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Origins: John Sandilands - Lexicographic Pioneer -- 3. The Years of Research and Preparation -- 4. Contemporary Dictionaries of Canadian English -- 4.1. The Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles -- 4.2. The Dictionary of Canadian English Series -- 4. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- THE HOBGOBLIN OF CANADIAN ENGLISH SPELLING -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Competing Models -- 3. Canadian Style Guides -- 4. Canadian Dictionaries -- 5. Regional and Cultural Differences -- 6. The Editors' Dilemma -- 7. Conclusion -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- THE PLANTING OF ANGLO-IRISH IN NEWFOUNDLAND -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Historical Background -- 3. Newfoundland Anglo-Irish Speech Features -- 3.1. Morphosyntactic Features -- 3.2. Phonological Features -- 3.3. Lexical Features -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES. THE AMERICANIZATION OF CANADIAN PRONUNCIATION: A SURVEY OF PALATAL GLIDE USAGE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Glide Pronunciation in Canadian English - A Review of Previous Studies -- 3. Postcoronal Glide Usage in St. John's -- 3.1. The St. John's Survey -- 3.2. Results -- 4. Glide Usage and the Canadian Media -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- AFRICAN AMERICAN ENGLISH IN THE DIASPORA: EVIDENCE FROM OLD-LINE NOVA SCOTIANS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Real-time Evidence on AAVE -- 3. The African American Diaspora -- 4. The Sociolinguistic Setting of African Nova Scotian English -- 5. Choice of Communities -- 5.1. Guysborough -- 5.2. North Preston -- 6. The Quest for the Vernacular -- 6.1. The Informants -- 6.2. The Data -- 6.3. Data Manipulation -- 7. Situating African Nova Scotian English -- 7.1. Establishing the Provenance of Linguistic Features -- 7.2. Reconstructing Diachrony from Synchronic Evidence -- 8. Analyses -- 8.1. The Copula -- 8.2. Variable Past Time Expression -- 8.3. Verbal -s Marking -- 9. Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- A SYNCHRONIC STUDY OF ENGLISH SPOKEN IN OTTAWA: IS CANADIAN ENGLISH BECOMING MORE AMERICAN? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 2.1. Synchronic Studies -- 2.2. Some Diachronic Information -- 3. Canadian English: What is a Canadianism? -- 4. Phonological Variables -- 5. Results -- 5.1. The Variable (VtV) -- 5.2. The Variable (-ing) -- 5.3. The Variable (tu, du, nu) -- 5.4. The Variable (ou) before Voiceless Final Consonants -- 5.5. The Variable (i) before Voiceless Final Consonants -- 5.6. The Variable (ar) -- 5.7. The Variable (hw) -- 5.8. The Variable /o/ -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- LINGUISTIC SYMMETRIES, ASYMMETRIES,AND BORDER EFFECTS WITHIN A CANADIAN/AMERICAN SAMPLE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Evidence: The Questionnaire -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Symmetrical Distributions. 3.2. Asymmetrical Distributions -- 3.3. Border Effects -- 4. Conclusion -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF CANADIAN ENGLISH INSASKATCHEWAN:A LOOK AT URBAN VERSUS RURAL SPEAKERS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Pronunciation Variation -- 3.2. Phonological Variation -- 3.3. Semantic Variation -- 4. Discussion and Conclusions -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- RETRACTING OF /æ/ IN VANCOUVER ENGLISH John H. Esling and Henry J. Warkentyne -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Acoustic Analysis of the Vancouver Survey Data -- 2.1. Data and Method -- 2.2. Analysis of Long-term Accent Features -- 2.3. The Age Variable -- 2.4. The SES Variable -- 3. Vocalic Trends: The Case of /ae/ -- 3.1. Comparing Vocalic Inventories -- 3.2. Significance of Vocalic Distributions -- 4. Auditory Judgements of /æ/ in the Vancouver Survey -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- COMPARATIVE SOCIOLINGUISTICS OF (aw)-FRONTING -- 1. Introduction -- 2. On Saying /aw/ in Victoria -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Fronting -- 2.3. Non-Raising in Victoria, Toronto and Vancouver -- 2.4. Rounding is Restricted to Vancouver -- 2.5. Conclusion -- 3. Canadian Raising à la Montréalaise -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Results of the Montréal Study -- 3.3. Non-Raising -- 4. Linguistic Diversity -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- LOCAL PATTERNS AND MARKERS OF SPEECH IN VANCOUVER ENGLISH -- 1. Vancouver English in the Canadian Context -- 1.1. Vancouver, the City and Focal Area -- 1.2. "Markers" in Speech -- 1.3. Characteristics of Canadian English -- 1.4. Survey Results of English in B.C. -- 2. Vancouver English - Previous Studies -- 2.1. Local Accent and Regional Contrast -- 2.2. The Survey of Vancouver English: Methodology and Findings -- 3. Variables in Vancouver Speech: Phonological Variants as Markers of Sex, Age or Social Group -- 3.1. The Variables (VtV), (ju), (hw), (ing). 3.2. The Variables (rtV), (ntV), (ltV) -- 3.3. Vocalic Variables -- 4. Summary: Accent and Pronunciation in Vancouver English -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Addresses of authors -- SUBJECT INDEX.
Although varieties of North American English have come in for a good deal of linguistic scrutiny in recent years, the vast majority of published works have dealt with American rather than Canadian English. This volume constitutes a welcome addition to our linguistic knowledge of English-speaking Canada. While the focus of the volume is primarily synchronic, several of the dozen papers it contains offer a diachronic perspective on Canadian English. Topics range from general issues in Canadian lexicography and orthography to sociolinguistic studies of varieties of English spoken in all major geographical areas of the country: Atlantic Canada, Ontario, Quebec and the West. A theme common to many of the articles is the relationship of Canadian English to American varieties to the south.
9789027276810
English language -- Social aspects -- Canada.
English language -- Variation -- Canada.
Electronic books.
PE3208.8 -- .F63 1993eb
427.971
Focus on Canada. - 1 online resource (314 pages) - Varieties of English Around the World ; v.G11 . - Varieties of English Around the World .
FOCUS ON CANADA -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Introduction -- LAWLESS AND VULGAR INNOVATIONS": VICTORIAN VIEWS OF CANADIAN ENGLISH -- 1. The "American-ness" of Canadian English -- 2. The English Language in Upper Canada -- 3. Linguistic Observation as Social Criticism -- 4. Linguistic Evidence in Victorian Commentaries -- 4.1. Positive any more -- 4.2. The merger of /a/ and /ɔ/ -- 4.3. The Name of the Last Letter of the Alphabet -- 5. Geikie's List of "Transatlantic Innovations -- 5.1. Innovations Which Did Not Survive -- 5.2. Innovations Which Are Still Unacceptable -- 5.3. Innovations Which Have Become Acceptable In Informal Styles -- 5.4. Innovations Established in North America -- 5.5. Innovations Established Beyond North America -- 6. "Immodest Prudery" as a Factor in Lexical Change -- 7. Maternalism and Independence -- Acknowledgements -- REFERENCES -- CANADIAN ENGLISH LEXICOGRAPHY -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Origins: John Sandilands - Lexicographic Pioneer -- 3. The Years of Research and Preparation -- 4. Contemporary Dictionaries of Canadian English -- 4.1. The Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles -- 4.2. The Dictionary of Canadian English Series -- 4. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- THE HOBGOBLIN OF CANADIAN ENGLISH SPELLING -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Competing Models -- 3. Canadian Style Guides -- 4. Canadian Dictionaries -- 5. Regional and Cultural Differences -- 6. The Editors' Dilemma -- 7. Conclusion -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- THE PLANTING OF ANGLO-IRISH IN NEWFOUNDLAND -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Historical Background -- 3. Newfoundland Anglo-Irish Speech Features -- 3.1. Morphosyntactic Features -- 3.2. Phonological Features -- 3.3. Lexical Features -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES. THE AMERICANIZATION OF CANADIAN PRONUNCIATION: A SURVEY OF PALATAL GLIDE USAGE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Glide Pronunciation in Canadian English - A Review of Previous Studies -- 3. Postcoronal Glide Usage in St. John's -- 3.1. The St. John's Survey -- 3.2. Results -- 4. Glide Usage and the Canadian Media -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- AFRICAN AMERICAN ENGLISH IN THE DIASPORA: EVIDENCE FROM OLD-LINE NOVA SCOTIANS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Real-time Evidence on AAVE -- 3. The African American Diaspora -- 4. The Sociolinguistic Setting of African Nova Scotian English -- 5. Choice of Communities -- 5.1. Guysborough -- 5.2. North Preston -- 6. The Quest for the Vernacular -- 6.1. The Informants -- 6.2. The Data -- 6.3. Data Manipulation -- 7. Situating African Nova Scotian English -- 7.1. Establishing the Provenance of Linguistic Features -- 7.2. Reconstructing Diachrony from Synchronic Evidence -- 8. Analyses -- 8.1. The Copula -- 8.2. Variable Past Time Expression -- 8.3. Verbal -s Marking -- 9. Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- A SYNCHRONIC STUDY OF ENGLISH SPOKEN IN OTTAWA: IS CANADIAN ENGLISH BECOMING MORE AMERICAN? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 2.1. Synchronic Studies -- 2.2. Some Diachronic Information -- 3. Canadian English: What is a Canadianism? -- 4. Phonological Variables -- 5. Results -- 5.1. The Variable (VtV) -- 5.2. The Variable (-ing) -- 5.3. The Variable (tu, du, nu) -- 5.4. The Variable (ou) before Voiceless Final Consonants -- 5.5. The Variable (i) before Voiceless Final Consonants -- 5.6. The Variable (ar) -- 5.7. The Variable (hw) -- 5.8. The Variable /o/ -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- LINGUISTIC SYMMETRIES, ASYMMETRIES,AND BORDER EFFECTS WITHIN A CANADIAN/AMERICAN SAMPLE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Evidence: The Questionnaire -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Symmetrical Distributions. 3.2. Asymmetrical Distributions -- 3.3. Border Effects -- 4. Conclusion -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF CANADIAN ENGLISH INSASKATCHEWAN:A LOOK AT URBAN VERSUS RURAL SPEAKERS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Pronunciation Variation -- 3.2. Phonological Variation -- 3.3. Semantic Variation -- 4. Discussion and Conclusions -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- RETRACTING OF /æ/ IN VANCOUVER ENGLISH John H. Esling and Henry J. Warkentyne -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Acoustic Analysis of the Vancouver Survey Data -- 2.1. Data and Method -- 2.2. Analysis of Long-term Accent Features -- 2.3. The Age Variable -- 2.4. The SES Variable -- 3. Vocalic Trends: The Case of /ae/ -- 3.1. Comparing Vocalic Inventories -- 3.2. Significance of Vocalic Distributions -- 4. Auditory Judgements of /æ/ in the Vancouver Survey -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- COMPARATIVE SOCIOLINGUISTICS OF (aw)-FRONTING -- 1. Introduction -- 2. On Saying /aw/ in Victoria -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Fronting -- 2.3. Non-Raising in Victoria, Toronto and Vancouver -- 2.4. Rounding is Restricted to Vancouver -- 2.5. Conclusion -- 3. Canadian Raising à la Montréalaise -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Results of the Montréal Study -- 3.3. Non-Raising -- 4. Linguistic Diversity -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- LOCAL PATTERNS AND MARKERS OF SPEECH IN VANCOUVER ENGLISH -- 1. Vancouver English in the Canadian Context -- 1.1. Vancouver, the City and Focal Area -- 1.2. "Markers" in Speech -- 1.3. Characteristics of Canadian English -- 1.4. Survey Results of English in B.C. -- 2. Vancouver English - Previous Studies -- 2.1. Local Accent and Regional Contrast -- 2.2. The Survey of Vancouver English: Methodology and Findings -- 3. Variables in Vancouver Speech: Phonological Variants as Markers of Sex, Age or Social Group -- 3.1. The Variables (VtV), (ju), (hw), (ing). 3.2. The Variables (rtV), (ntV), (ltV) -- 3.3. Vocalic Variables -- 4. Summary: Accent and Pronunciation in Vancouver English -- Acknowledgements -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Addresses of authors -- SUBJECT INDEX.
Although varieties of North American English have come in for a good deal of linguistic scrutiny in recent years, the vast majority of published works have dealt with American rather than Canadian English. This volume constitutes a welcome addition to our linguistic knowledge of English-speaking Canada. While the focus of the volume is primarily synchronic, several of the dozen papers it contains offer a diachronic perspective on Canadian English. Topics range from general issues in Canadian lexicography and orthography to sociolinguistic studies of varieties of English spoken in all major geographical areas of the country: Atlantic Canada, Ontario, Quebec and the West. A theme common to many of the articles is the relationship of Canadian English to American varieties to the south.
9789027276810
English language -- Social aspects -- Canada.
English language -- Variation -- Canada.
Electronic books.
PE3208.8 -- .F63 1993eb
427.971