Le Goff, Maelan
Does Trade Reduce Poverty? A View from Africa / Maelan Le Goff [electronic resource] : Maelan Le Goff - Washington, D.C., The World Bank, 2013 - 1 online resource (27 p.) - Policy research working papers. World Bank e-Library. .
Although trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component in development strategies, theoretically, the impact of trade openness on poverty reduction is ambiguous. A more liberalized trade regime is argued to change relative factor prices in favor of the more abundant factor. If poverty and relative low income stem from abundance of labor, greater trade openness should lead to higher labor prices and a decrease in poverty. However, should the re-allocation of factors be hampered, the expected benefits from freer trade may not materialize. The theoretical ambiguity on the effects of openness is reflected in the available empirical evidence. This paper examines how the effect of trade openness on poverty may depend on complementary reforms that help a country take advantage of international competition. Using a non-linear regression specification that interacts a proxy of trade openness with proxies of various country structural specificities and a panel of 30 African countries over the period 1981-2010, the analysis finds that trade openness tends to reduce poverty in countries where financial sectors are deep, education levels high and governance strong.
10.1596/1813-9450-6327
Achieving Shared Growth
Economic Theory & Research
Emerging Markets
Free Trade
Governance
Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
Poverty
Poverty Reduction
Trade
Trade Policy
Africa
Does Trade Reduce Poverty? A View from Africa / Maelan Le Goff [electronic resource] : Maelan Le Goff - Washington, D.C., The World Bank, 2013 - 1 online resource (27 p.) - Policy research working papers. World Bank e-Library. .
Although trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component in development strategies, theoretically, the impact of trade openness on poverty reduction is ambiguous. A more liberalized trade regime is argued to change relative factor prices in favor of the more abundant factor. If poverty and relative low income stem from abundance of labor, greater trade openness should lead to higher labor prices and a decrease in poverty. However, should the re-allocation of factors be hampered, the expected benefits from freer trade may not materialize. The theoretical ambiguity on the effects of openness is reflected in the available empirical evidence. This paper examines how the effect of trade openness on poverty may depend on complementary reforms that help a country take advantage of international competition. Using a non-linear regression specification that interacts a proxy of trade openness with proxies of various country structural specificities and a panel of 30 African countries over the period 1981-2010, the analysis finds that trade openness tends to reduce poverty in countries where financial sectors are deep, education levels high and governance strong.
10.1596/1813-9450-6327
Achieving Shared Growth
Economic Theory & Research
Emerging Markets
Free Trade
Governance
Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
Poverty
Poverty Reduction
Trade
Trade Policy
Africa